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TALIBAN versus (Kekayaan Budaya) AFGANISTAN

Redaksi Sulindo by Redaksi Sulindo
22 Agustus 2021
in Luar Negeri
0
TALIBAN versus (Kekayaan Budaya) AFGANISTAN

Afganistan (foto Pinterest)

Koran Sulindo – Ingin tahu kah kita apa yang dilakukan Taliban terhadap kekayaan budaya Afganistan?

Sepanjang tahun 1992, serangan Taliban serta penjarahan Museum Nasional Afghanistan mengakibatkan hilangnya 70% dari 100.000 artefak budaya dan sejarah bangsa Afghanistan.

Pada Mei 1993, Museum Nasional dihancurkan oleh beberapa roket Taliban yang menembus atap, lantai atas, serta sebagian besar pintu dan jendela bangunan. Tak lama kemudian dijarah dan lebih dari empat ribu benda yang disimpan di gudang museum dicuri. Di dekatnya, sebuah Institut Arkeologi juga rusak parah.

11 Agustus 1998, Taliban menghancurkan Perpustakaan Umum Puli Khumri. Perpustakaan yang berisi lebih dari 55.000 buku dan manuskrip tua serta dianggap oleh orang Afghanistan sebagai salah satu koleksi paling berharga dari bangsa dan budaya mereka.

Bulan Oktober 2001, Taliban dilaporkan telah menghancurkan setidaknya 2.750 karya seni kuno di Museum Nasional Afghanistan selama tahun tersebut.

Bamiyan dan Taliban (foto panos.co.uk)

Setelah kebangkitan kekuasaan Taliban dari 1996-2001 larangan sebagian besar bentuk ekspresi seni dan budaya diberlakukan. Perang terhadap seni oleh Taliban mulai dilakukan yaitu dengan tindakan awal menyeret lukisan keluar dari rumah, pembakaran buku yang berisi karya seni, eksekusi publik ke TV dan penghentian musik.

Pada tahun 1996, pada awal kebangkitan Taliban ke tampuk kekuasaan, seluruh katalog kartu pengarsipan seni di Museum Nasional Afghanistan dibakar. Penghancuran sistematis museum dan koleksinya, termasuk arsip film, dimusnahkan untuk membersihkan mereka dari penggambaran “tidak Islami” tentang bentuk manusia dan hidup.

Selain larangan media seni visual, ekspresi sosial dan, budaya seperti menerbangkan layang-layang serta memiliki burung peliharaan juga dilarang. Untuk wanita, sebuah dekrit dikeluarkan yang melarang make-up dan menggunakan sepatu hak tinggi di ibukota Afghanistan di mana Departemen Promosi Kebajikan dan Pencegahan Kejahatan dipasang untuk memastikan kepatuhan yang ketat.

Administrator Kementerian secara teratur memukuli wanita yang tidak mematuhi undang-undang aturan berpakaian ini. Bahkan satu dekade setelah berakhirnya rezim resmi Taliban, salon kecantikan di ibukota Afghanistan, Kabul, masih terus melakukan upaya untuk bersembunyi agar tidak diketahui oleh simpatisan Taliban.

Baca juga Jalan Berbeda China di Afghanistan

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