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Kebijakan Perberasan di Indonesia Perlu Dirancang Ulang

Redaksi Sulindo by Redaksi Sulindo
7 Oktober 2021
in Sosial Budaya
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Kebijakan Perberasan di Indonesia Perlu Dirancang Ulang

Sulindomedia – Diperlukan perancangan ulang atau re-desain bagi kebijakan perberasan di Indonesia untuk mengatasi mahalnya harga besar akibat inefisiensi dalam proses produksi dan distribusi beras. Demikian dikatakan pengamat ekonomi pertanian Prof Dr Bustanul Arifin dalam seminar nasional di Yogya, Selasa kemarin (23/2.2016). “Diperlukan beberapa langkah yang harus dilakukan berbagai pihak, mulai dari pemerintah, sektor perbankan, sampai petani sendiri,” ujarnya.

Menurut Bustanul, kapasitas produksi pertanian pangan sudah menurun, baik dari segi sumber daya alam hingga sumberv daya manusia. Kalau ada upaya peningkatan produksi pangan, tidak didorong perubahan teknologi pertanian dan adaptasi inovasi baru. Katanya,  petani perlu waktu 10 sampai 15 tahun untuk mengadopsi

teknologi baru secara stabil dan menjadi pola baru sistem produksi. “Inilah yang membuat total factor productivity (TFP) pertanian Indonesia hanya satu persen. Padahal, di ASEAN saja sudah 1,4 persen yang didorong perubahan efisiensi teknis, bukan perubahan teknologi,” kata Bustanul.

Bustanul pun menyoroti strategi pemerintah melalui upaya khusus peningkatan produksi padi, jagung, dan kedelai. Upaya tersebut dinilai belum terbukti memecahkan masalah kapasitas produksi. Untuk itu, Bustanul menyarankan perlunya perbaikan manajemen usaha tani, sistem insentif baru berbasis inovasi dan teknologi benih, serta panen-pascapanen.

Yang juga disoroti adalah dominasi penggilingan padi skala kecil. Penggilingan padi dalam skala kecil, katanya, cukup banyak membuat penyusutan pada produk. “Karena itu diperlukan investasi baru dan konsolidasi penggilingan. Ini erat kaitannya dengan integrasi terhadap infrastruktur pertanian, kelembagaan kelompok tani, hingga perbaikan penyimpanan cadangan beras,” tuturnya.

Terpisah, Kepala Dinas Pertanian dan Kehutanan Bantul-Yogya, Partogi Dame Pakpahan, mengatakan tenaga kerja di bidang pertanian kini didominasi generasi tua. Maka, lanjutnya, minimnya sumber daya manusia di bidang pertanian membuat modernisasi pertanian menjadi konsekuensi logis.

Untuk mencoba mengatasi masalah ini, pihak Dinas Pertanian dan Kehutanan Bantul pun memberikan bantuan alat mesin pertanian, di antaranya mesin pemanen mobile combine harvester, kepada gabungan kelompok tani (gapoktan) di Argorejo, Sedayu. “Adanya mekanisasi pertanian diharapkan bisa menarik kemauan generasi muda untuk bertani,” ujarnya.

Untuk mendukung perwujudan pertanian modern, Partogi mengemukakan pihaknya menyiapkan lahan 100 hektare lahan di Kecamatan Sedayu. “Luasan 100 hektare ini masih akan berkembang, untuk menjembatani bagaimana mengatasi tenaga kerja pertanian yang berkurang dengan modernisasi,” ujarnya. [YUK/PUR]

Tags: BustanulArifinKebijakanPerberasan
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