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Kopiah, dari Busana Keagamaan Menjadi Busana Nasional

Redaksi Sulindo by Redaksi Sulindo
22 Agustus 2021
in Soekarnopedia, Sosial Budaya
0
Kopiah, dari Busana Keagamaan Menjadi Busana Nasional

Bung Karno dan kopiahnya

Setiap hari, para lelaki Madura yang umumnya santri awam hampir tak pernah melepaskan diri dari kopiah. Bahkan, saat mencangkul di ladang pun mereka tetap berkopiah. Mencuci hewan ternak di sungai juga dilakukan dengan memakai kopiah. Para pemuda, santri, pelajar, dan anak-anak pergi ke madrasah atau ke mushalla dan masjid dengan berkopiah. Sementara para tokoh agama seperti kiai dan ustadz, sudah pasti mereka memakai kopiah. Tanpa kopiah, mereka merasa ada sesuatu yang kurang, seperti perempuan tanpa perhiasan.

Tak heran, Itu semua membuat produksi kopiah begitu berkembang. Pusat pembuatan songkok nasional bisa kita temui di Maka, di kelurahan Blandongan Gresik, Jawa Timur, pun terbentuk pusat pembuatan songkok nasional. Tak jelas siapa yang memulai, yang pasti sudah sejak lama warga di sana beramai-ramai memproduksi kopiah di rumah mereka. Setiap tahun, puluhan ribu kopiah dibuat di sana. Blandongan kini sudah berubah dari semula dikenal sebagai pusat reparasi kapal, menjadi salah satu sentra kerajinan songkok nasional.

Warga kampung Blandongan, yang di zaman penjajahan banyak bekerja sebagai penebang kayu (blandong), semula membuat kopiah dari bahan kain beludru hitam yang diisi kertas sebagai pengerasnya. Namun, Masalahnya, kopiah berbahan kertas ini mudah rusak jika terkena air. Baru pada 1986, dua perajin kopiah, H. Anwar Ilyas dan Abed Hakim alias Awing, mengatasi kelemahan itu dengan membuat inovasi songkok tanpa kertas, . Mereka mengganti bahan kertasnya dengan kain yang kaku dan keras.

Inovasi produksi songkok tadi, betapa pun sederhana, menjadi bagian penting dari upaya memperbaiki mutu kopiah. Dengan temuan itu, kopiah kini menjadi lebih awet dan tahan air, . meskipun Meskipun, harganya bisa lima kali lipat lebih mahal dari harga kopiah biasa karena bahan kain kaku harus diimpor. Dan memang terbukti, Lama-kelamaan, konsumen ternyata lebih suka membeli kopiah berkualitas tinggi walaupun harganya relatif mahal.

Seiring waktu, kopiah tak hanya tampil polos. Beragam modifikasi dengan menghadirkan motif melalui teknik bordir dan lainnya dilakoni si pembuat. Kopiah buatan Blandongan, misalnya, kini sudah mencakup 46 varian. Namun, secara umum jenisnya , secara umum cuma lima,hanya lima yakni songkok biasa, soga (songkok gaul atau songkok gambar), songkok bordir, songkok presiden, dan songkok mahar. Kelimanya dibedakan berdasarkan kualitas bahan bakunya, terutama beludru sebagai bahan utama. [AT]

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