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Negara Indonesia Timur, RIS, dan NKRI

Redaksi Sulindo by Redaksi Sulindo
21 Agustus 2021
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Negara Indonesia Timur, RIS, dan NKRI

Agresi ke Yogya juga jadi bumerang bagi Belanda. Alih-alih meruntuhkan Republik Indonesia, yang terjadi justeru dunia internasional terbelalak. Ternyata negara Indonesia itu benar-benar eksis. Terbukti dengan perlawanannya yang hebat terhadap tentara Belanda yang persenjataannya jauh lebih lengkap ketimbang tentara RI.

Berikutnya, Serangan Umum 1 Maret 1949 membuat Belanda “takluk dan kikuk”. Secara militer mungkin Belanda menang. Tapi secara diplomatik kalah total. Karena PBB membentuk United Commission for Indonesia (UNCI) yang memaksa Republik Indonesia dan Belanda berunding di Jakarta, 14 April 1949 (dikenal sebagai Perundingan Roem-Royen) — 44 hari setelah serangan umum. Luar biasa reaksi dunia internasional merespons peperangan RI dan Belanda di Yogya tersebut. Belanda tak bisa mengelak dari paksaan UNCI. Karena Inggris, Amerika, dan Australia berada di balik pembentukan UNCI.

Perundingan Roem-Royen inilah yang membuka jalan menuju KMB (Konferensi Meja Bundar) di Denhaag yang hasilnya berupa pengakuan kedaulatan Indonesia. Betul, dalam pengakuan kedaulatan oleh Belanda itu, Indonesia masih berbentuk RIS. Tapi kemudian dalam sidang parlemen, Mohammad Natsir dari Partai Masyumi mengusulkan mosi integral kepada floor, 3 April 1950. Semua anggota parlemen setuju. Palu pun diketok. Bentuk Indonesia yang negara serikat pun seketika berubah menjadi negara kesatuan. Sejak 3 April 1950, RIS pun lenyap. Yang ada adalah NKRI.

Baca juga: Bapak Proklamator Kemerdekaan yang Tak Pernah Mati

Dari cerita di atas, jelas sudah upaya Van Mook dan penerusnya LJM Beel untuk menyingkirkan Republik Indonesia dari RIS gagal total. Van Mook dan Beel tidak hanya gagal membentuk RIS untuk memecah belah Indonesia, mereka juga gagal mengucilkan Indonesia dari masyarakat internasional.

NIT yang digadang-gadang Van Mook dan Beel bakal menjadi saingan RI ternyata justeru setia dan manut dengan RI. Maklumlah meski RI wilayahnya kecil setelah dipecah-pecah Belanda melalui perundingan Renville, tapi di RI-lah berkumpul para pemimpin bangsa.

Hampir semua wakil partai politik di parlemen mendukung Mosi Integral. Mereka adalah wakil negara-negara bagian dalam RIS — seperti Negara Dayak Besar, Negara Indonesia Timur, Negara Borneo Tenggara, Negara Borneo Timur, Negara Borneo Barat, Negara Bengkulu, Negara Biliton, Negara Riau, Negara Sumatera Timur, Negara Banjar, Negara Madura, Negara Pasundan, Negara Sumatera Selatan, Negara Jawa Timur, dan Negara Jawa Tengah. [GAB]

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Tags: Bung Hattabung karnoindonesiaIndra IskandarNegara Indonesia TimurNITNKRIRepublik Indonesia SerikatriRIS
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