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Home Berita Ekonomi dan Pembangunan

Banyaknya PHK Sebabkan Jumlah Pengangguran dan Rumah Tangga Miskin Meningkat

Redaksi Sulindo by Redaksi Sulindo
7 Oktober 2021
in Ekonomi dan Pembangunan
0
Riset: Tanpa Intervensi, COVID-19 Membuat 3,6 Juta Orang Jatuh Miskin

Warga beraktivitas di permukiman semi permanen di Kampung Kerang Ijo, Muara Angke, Jakarta. Sumber foto: Antara Foto

Koran Sulindo – Banyaknya pemutusan hubungan kerja akibat dampak pandemi virus corona atau Covid-19 mengakibatkan jumlah pengangguran bertambah dan rumah tangga miskin meningkat.

Hal tersebut disampaikan Kepala Pusat Penelitian Kependudukan LIPI Herry Yogaswara dalam seminar virtual Indonesian Demographic Outlook 2021: Pengaruh Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Sasaran RPJMN Bidang Kependudukan, Selasa (22/12).

Sehingga, Pemerintah Indonesia memiliki pekerjaan rumah di tahun mendatang dalam meningkatkan kembali ekonomi.

“Tantangan terberat di 2021 adalah upaya pengendalian penduduk akibat bertambahnya jumlah rumah tangga miskin,” kata Herry.

Pasalnya, target dan sasaran pencapaian Bidang Kependudukan dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional 2020-2024 akan dipengaruhi oleh kejadian pandemi Covid-19.

“Masyarakat yang tergolong ‘near poor’ akan jatuh miskin,” ujar Herry.

Herry menuturkan pandemi Covid-19 memberikan berbagai dampak antara lain meningkatnya beban pengangguran, PHK tenaga kerja muda meningkat, rumah tangga miskin bertambah, dan meningkatnya tenaga kerja di sektor informal.​​​​​​​

Meningkatnya jumlah rumah tangga miskin, kata Herry, akan berdampak signifikan terhadap kualitas kesehatan masyarakat, termasuk terkait upaya menekan kasus kematian ibu dan bayi, prelevansi stunting pada balita, hingga pencegahan penyebaran penyakit menular.

Itu tentu berlawanan dengan target capaian RPJPMN 2020-2024 Bidang Kependudukan yang didasarkan skenario kehidupan yang normal tanpa situasi bencana pandemi.

Sebagai contoh target Total Fertility Rate 2024 sebesar 2,10; Angka kematian Ibu 183/100,000; dan Angka Kematian bayi 15/1000.

“Penduduk perkotaan khususnya kawasan kumuh padat dan kumuh miskin mempunyai risiko lebih tinggi,” tutur Herry.

Selain itu, kata Herry, dampak dari merebaknya kasus PHK berpengaruh terhadap capaian indikator ketenagakerjaan Indonesia, khususnya Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka.

Oleh karena itu, lanjut Herry, perlu ada penurunan target pengangguran terbuka karena banyak yang kehilangan pekerjaan, dan pemulihan ekonomi tampaknya berjalan cukup panjang.

Menurut Herry, mobilitas penduduk lanjut usia yang aman tampaknya juga akan menjadi tantangan karena dampak Covid-19 tersebut.

Herry menuturkan upaya berbagai rencana kebijakan, program dan target untuk jangka pendek, menengah, dan panjang perlu mengakomodasi dampak yang ditimbulkan dari situasi akibat pandemi Covid-19.

Program pemerintah yang diterima masyarakat antara lain berupa Bantuan Perlindungan Sosial yang termasuk dalam program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional dengan sasaran kepada Keluarga Harapan.

Kemudian, program antara lain bantuan beras, sembako, subsidi gaji pekerja berpenghasilan Rp 5 juta ke bawah, Kartu Pra Kerja, hingga bantuan tunai bagi pelaku usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah yang terdampak pandemi. Program-program tersebut hendaknya didasarkan pada keakuratan data dan kondisi di lapangan sehingga benar-benar tepat sasaran. [WIS]

Tags: angka kemiskinan meningkatangka orang miskin meningkatDampak pademi covidlipi
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