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Home Berita Ekonomi dan Pembangunan

Pembayaran Utang Luar Negeri Tekan Nilai Rupiah

mas jay by mas jay
8 April 2022
in Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, Headline
0
Ilustrasi, pelemahan nilai rupiah terhadap dolar AS - Bisnis

Ilustrasi, pelemahan nilai rupiah terhadap dolar AS - Bisnis

Nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar Amerika Serikat kembali melemah. Kurs rupiah turun ke Rp 14.355/US$ Rabu kemarin, sekaligus menghentikan penguatan 3 hari beruntun.

Tekanan terbesar pada perdagangan Kamis (7/4) akibat menguatnya indeks dolar AS yang melompat ke level tertinggi dalam 2 tahun terakhir.

Selain itu salah satu faktor melemahnya rupiah disebut karena adanya laporan dari Bank Indonesia (BI) yang menyebut posisi cadangan devisa Indonesia di Maret 2022 turun dibanding Februari 2022 dengan level US$139,1 miliar pada akhir bulan lalu.

Berdasarkan pernyataan Kepala Departemen Komunikasi BI Erwin Haryono, penurunan posisi cadangan devisa dipengaruhi oleh kebutuhan pembayaran utang luar negeri pemerintah.

Menurut laporan BI posisi cadangan devisa tersebut setara dengan pembiayaan 7,2 bulan impor atau tujuh bulan impor dan pembayaran utang luar negeri pemerintah, serta berada di atas standar kecukupan internasional sekitar 3 bulan impor.

BI menilai cadangan devisa tersebut mampu mendukung ketahanan sektor eksternal serta menjaga stabilitas makroekonomi dan sistem keuangan.

Kebijakan The Fed dongkrak dolar AS

Salah satu faktor melemahnya nilai tukar rupiah dan mata uang global adalah menguatnya nilai tukar dolar AS akibat pengetatan ekonomi. Penguatan dolar AS ditopang ekspektasi kenaikan suku bunga The Fed (bank sentral AS) sebesar 50 basis poin menjadi 0,75% – 1% pada bulan depan.

Peluang kenaikan tersebut diperkuat oleh pernyataan-pernyataan para pejabat elit The Fed yang mendukung kenaikan agresif guna meredam inflasi.

Risalah rapat kebijakan moneter edisi Maret juga menunjukkan hal tersebut, ditambah dengan kemungkinan pengurangan nilai neraca yang besar. Risalah tersebut mengungkap jika para pejabat The Fed umumnya setuju untuk mengurangi neraca senilai US$ 95 miliar per bulan dan mulai dilakukan bulan Mei.

Dengan adanya pengurangan nilai neraca tersebut artinya The Fed akan melepas obligasi (US$ 60 miliar) dan efek dengan jaminan aset (US$ 35 miliar) yang dimiliki, sehingga likuiditas di pasar akan terserap.

Pengurangan nilai neraca tersebut nilainya dua kali lipat ketimbang yang dilakukan pada tahun 2017 – 2019, yang menunjukkan The Fed sangat agresif dalam menormalisasi kebijakan moneternya.

Analis Pasar Uang, Ariston Tjendra kebijakan pengetatan moneter AS lebih agresif tahun ini.

“Dini hari tadi, notulen rapat Bank Sentral AS menyebutkan dukungan para anggota the Fed terhadap kebijakan pengetatan moneter AS yang lebih agresif. Untuk memerangi inflasi yang tinggi di AS,” ujar Ariston.

Ariston melanjutkan, selain itu dukungan juga diberikan pada kebijakan penjualan obligasi yang dimiliki the Fed. Hal itu dilakukan untuk mengurangi likuiditas pasar. [DES]

Tags: dolar aspelemahan rupiahutang luar negeri
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