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Tingginya Nilai Impor dan Mandeknya Industri Manufaktur

Redaksi Sulindo by Redaksi Sulindo
7 Oktober 2021
in Berita, Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, Featured
0
Program Reforma Agraria Dilakukan Setelah Lebaran

Menteri Koordinator Perekonomian Darmin Nasution [Foto: Istimewa]

Koran Sulindo -Peningkatan impor suatu negeri, selain mencerminkan pertumbuhan ekonomi, juga menandakan tidak berkembangnya industri manufaktur. Ini merupakan gambaran industri yang sedang berjalan di Indonesia. Situasi demikian disebut tidak sempurna.

Menteri Koordinator Perekonomian Darmin Nasution menuturkan, pohon industri di Indonesia dari hulu ke hilir boleh dibilang tidak lengkap. Utamanya di sektor industri petrokimia. Dan itu berakibat pada banyak bahan baku yang diimpor untuk menopang kegiatan industri hilir.

Data Badan Pusat Statistik mencatat hal itu. Pada semester I 2018, impor untuk bahan baku yang disebut Darmin mencapai US$ 89,04 miliar atau meningkat 23,1 persen dari US$ 72,33 miliar pada periode yang sama tahun sebelumnya. Dari jumlah itu, 74,67 persen merupakan bahan baku atau bahan penolong.

Selanjutnya, kinerja industri non-migas hanya tumbuh 4,41 persen hingga kuartal (tiga bulanan) kedua atau menurun dibanding kuartal sebelumnya yaitu 5,07 persen. Soal ini, Darmin, mengatakan, banyak kegiatan ekonomi tidak lahir di Indonesia, makanya setiap ada pertumbuhan ekonomi impornya melesat cukup cepat.

Untuk mengurangi impor tinggi, ia mendorong investasi dan iklimnya harus menarik agar investor mau datang ke Indonesia. Salah satu cara untuk menarik investor adalah terkait dengan masalah fiskal dan perizinan. Pemerintah memberi keringanan atau pembebasan pajak penghasilan hingga perizinan investasi yang menyatu lewat sistem daring.

Lewat investasi, kata Darmin, ketidaklengkapan industri hulu ke hilir itu bisa diatasi. Dan ketika ekonomi menggeliat, maka impor bisa ditekan. Ia menganjurkan untuk mempelajari keberhasilan Tiongkok yang bisa memenuhi kebutuhan industri hilir, bahkan bisa menjadi negara berorientasi ekspor. Itu juga mengapa Tiongkok tidak pernah mengalami defisit transaksi berjalan.

Data Bank Dunia menyebutkan, Tiongkok mengalami surplus transaksi berjalan 1,35 persen dari produk domestik bruto (PDB) di tahun lalu. Negeri ini terakhir kali mengalami defisit transaksi berjalan pada 1993 dengan 2,61 persen dari PDB.

Data BPS menunjukkan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia mencapai 5,27 persen pada kuartal kedua tahun ini. Angka ini disebut pertumbuhan tertinggi pada masa Joko Widodo. Hasil kinerja ekspor netto menjadi pemberat pertumbuhan ekonomi di kuartal lalu. Secara netto kinerja ekspor Indonesia melemah 7,47 persen dibanding periode yang sama tahun lalu. [KRG]

Tags: Emir Moeisindonesiajokowipertumbuhan ekonomi
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